Book/Dissertation / PhD Thesis

FZJ-2015-04854

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Chemische, verfahrenstechnische und ökonomische Bewertung von Kohlendioxid als Rohstoff in der chemischen Industrie

Otto, A. (Corresponding author)FZJ*

2015
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag Jülich
ISBN: 978-3-95806-064-7

Please use a persistent id in citations: http://hdl.handle.net/2128/9031

Abstract: The utilisation of CO$_{2}$ as feedstock in the chemical industry represents an alternative to the geological storage, which is legally limited and socially debated. Generally, scientific publications about the utilisation of CO$_{2}$ in chemical reactions typically address the feasibility of the syntheses without paying attention to the CO$_{2}$ reduction potential or the economy in contrast to the conventional process of production. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to identify chemical reactions with CO$_{2}$ as feedstock, which have the potential to reduce CO$_{2}$ emissions. These reactions are evaluated concerning the industrial realization, CO$_{2}$ balance and economy compared to the conventional processes. To achieve this, 123 reactions from the literature were collected and evaluated with the help of selection criteria developed specifically for this application. The criteria consider both, the quantitative potential to reduce CO$_{2}$ and possible economical interests in these reactions. Additional to the process of the evaluation of the reactions, a CO$_{2}$ reduction potential of 1.33 % of the greenhouse gas emissions within the European Union could be calculated. For the chemicals formic acid, oxalic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, urea and dimethylether, which most fully satisfy the selection criteria, a direct comparison of the CO$_{2}$ based process with the conventional process is performed. By literature data, process designs,and simulations, it has been shown that the highest reductions of CO$_{2}$ emissions can be achieved for methanol with 1.43 kg$_{CO2}$/kg$_{MeOH}$ and dimethyl ether with 2.17 kg$_{CO2}$/kg$_{DME}$, but only with the assumption that the necessary hydrogen for the CO$_{2}$ based reaction is produced by electrolysis operated with renewable energy. Overall, the CO$_{2}$ based production processes of methanol and dimethyl ether could reduce 0.059 % of the greenhouse gas emissions of the European Union (EU) if all conventional processes are substituted in the EU. Finally, for the CO$_{2}$ based processes of methanol and dimethyl ether it could be shown that the manufacturing costs are 3.3 or 2.9 times higher than for the corresponding conventional processes. The result of this are CO$_{2}$ abatement costs of 540 €/t$_{CO2}$ for the CO$_{2}$ based production of methanol and 440 €/t$_{CO2}$ for dimethyl ether. These abatement costs are respectively 90 and 73 times higher than for the geological storage of CO$_{2}$. For the case, that the production costs for the necessary hydrogen decrease from 5.22 to 1.22 or 1.76 €/kg$_{H2}$ no abatement costs are necessary.

Note: RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2015

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Elektrochemische Verfahrenstechnik (IEK-3)

Research Program(s):

1. 134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134) (POF3-134)

Appears in the scientific report 2015

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Database coverage:
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